Healthy and Safe Living

Stages P1 to P3

P1 to P3 Looking After Oneself

ways of keeping healthy, including keeping clean, healthy eating, regular exercise, adequate sleep, dental and oral health

Pupils shall be able to:

1. say what they think being healthy is
2. say why they need to change their clothes regularly
3. show understanding of why they need to wash their hair regularly
4. show understanding of correct use of the toilet
5. show understanding of the reason for washing their hands before eating or having been to the toilet
6. show understanding of the reason for brushing their teeth
7. show knowledge of how often and when to clean their teeth
8. show understanding, in basic terms, of what healthy eating is
9. identify and name basic foods for a healthy diet
10. show knowledge of the requirement for adequate sleep/rest
11. show understanding of the need for regular exercise
12. show understanding of simple exercises to help keep them fit.

observation by pupils of their own growth and change

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding that there are growth patterns to themselves and others
2. talk about specific feelings they have eg. sadness, happiness, loneliness, anger, frustration

recognition that individuals have feelings and emotions to be respected

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show some understanding of the feelings and emotions of other people and attempt to relate these feelings to themselves
2. show understanding that all individuals are different

ways of keeping safe, including safety in the home, road safety as a pedestrian, cyclist and passenger; and safety near water and in the hills

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show knowledge and understanding of the dangers of the roads:
   as a pedestrian
   as a cyclist
   as a passenger
2. show knowledge and understanding of safe crossing points
3. show knowledge of why they should not talk to strangers
4. identify basic safety rules:
   at home at school
   near water
   in the hills
   near cliffs
   in relation to spillage of blood

P1 to P3 Relationships

learning that family and other special people in their lives care for and help them;

Pupils shall be able to:

1. discuss and talk about the members of their families
2. discuss and talk about the different relationships in families
3. discuss, talk about and identify the roles of family members
4. discuss and talk about other people in society who help them eg. teachers, doctors, nurses, janitors, police, etc.

recognising their own feelings towards people, animals, objects

Pupils shall be able to:

1. discuss and talk about their emotions/feelings towards other people, animals and objects

learning to share and to care for others

Pupils shall be able to:

1. share and co-operate in a variety of situations
2. show understanding that they are responsible for their own actions
3. show appreciation of cultural diversity
4. show understanding of the need for a caring attitude to other people eg. physically impaired, people with special needs
5. show understanding of the need for a caring attitude to animals and the environment

P1 to P3 Health and Safety in the Environment

ways of getting help eg. procedures for calling the emergency services

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding of how they can summon help when in need
2. use the telephone
3. identify and show knowledge of specific people who help them in emergencies
4. show knowledge of the various emergency services
5. show knowledge and understanding of how to use the emergency services
6. react and conduct themselves appropriately during fire-alarm procedures in school

simple ways in which the local environment can affect their health and ways of minimising the effects

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show knowledge and understanding of, and identify, safe playing areas
2. show knowledge and understanding of, and identify, dangerous areas where it is not safe to go to play
3. show knowledge and understanding of how to avoid dangers such as traffic, machinery, fire, dangerous animals, objects and substances
4. show understanding of the need to avoid smoky atmospheres

simple ways of keeping the environment clean, safe and healthy

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding of the need for a clean and safe environment
2. show understanding of the need for litter bins
3. show understanding that it is their responsibility to dispose of litter correctly
4. show understanding of the need for tidiness
5. show understanding of the need to respect property

the importance of hygiene in storing, preparing, and consuming food and drink, eg. correct procedures when handling food, observation of storage instructions on packaged foods, causes of food contamination, correct storage of perishable foods

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding of the need for hygiene when preparing and handling food
2. show understanding of the need for appropriate table manners
3. show understanding of the need for thorough washing up

Stages P4 to P6

P4 to P6 Looking After Oneself

what individuals need to be healthy and the importance of good practice in keep healthy

Pupils shall be able to:

1. identify and explain the need for a healthy lifestyle
2. outline, in general terms, the principles of a healthy diet
3. outline, in general terms, the problems of:
   not maintaining a healthy diet
   eating disorders
   social habits
   peer pressure
4. identify and show knowledge of the main types of food which make up a balanced and healthy diet
5. identify and show knowledge of foods which are not seen as being particularly healthy and should only be eaten in small amounts
6. show awareness of allergies (eg. food, soap)
7. show understanding of the need for good personal hygiene in relation to:
   bathing/showering
   hair care nails
   clothing
   dental care
   skin care
8. show understanding of the social consequences of poor personal hygiene
9. show understanding of the consequences of not washing their hands before eating or having been to the toilet
10. identify and show understanding of types of regular exercise which will aid towards a healthy lifestyle
11. show understanding of the benefits of regular exercise
12. show understanding of the need for adequate rest/sleep

the variety of ways in which individuals grow and change

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding of bodily changes as they grow
2. show knowledge and understanding of menstruation

well-being as a necessary part of good health, as well as freedom from disease

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding of changes in attitudes and emotions as they grow
2. show understanding of the importance of self-esteem in maintaining good health
3. show understanding that there are physical differences between people eg. eye colour, hair colour, height, weight etc.
4. show understanding that people suffer from mental and physical disabilities
5. show understanding that good health also depends on individuals feeling good - both about themselves and society

ways of keeping safe, including safety in the home, road safety as a pedestrian, cyclist and passenger, safety near water and in the hills

the relative risk to health of specific activities and situations such as smoking, drinking alcohol, solvent abuse, drug use and how to minimise levels of risk in risky situations

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show knowledge and understanding of the effects smoking can have on the body
2. show awareness that there are commonly used drugs eg. coffee, tea, cola
3. show knowledge and understanding of the effects that alcohol, drugs and solvent abuse have on the body
4. show some understanding of the impacts on society related to these abuses

P4 to P6 Relationships

The range of people who care for them, eg. family, teachers, health workers, lollipop people and the value of family and friendships to health

Pupils shall be able to:

1. discuss and talk about the people who help them in their lives, eg. family members, friends, police, health workers, etc.
2. discuss and talk about the need for close family relationships in their lives
3. discuss and talk about how to look after themselves eg. "Not talking to strangers"
4. discuss and talk about identifying people who they can talk to for help, reassurance and advice

the wide range of feelings experienced in a variety of situations eg. joy, fear, anger, excitement, shyness, worry, and people and agencies who can provide help in situations when strong or confusing feelings are experienced

Pupils shall be able to:

1. discuss and talk about their emotions and how these can affect their lives
2. discuss and talk about specific problems they may have
3. discuss and talk about the range of emotions which can effect both themselves and others eg. happiness, shyness, anger, frustrations
4. discuss and talk about how they feel when they experience various emotions

P4 to P6 Health and Safety in the Environment

The role and responsibility of the individual in keeping the local environment healthy eg. litter control, control of pets

Pupils shall be able to:

1. identify their own role in society and the part they have to play in it
2. show knowledge and understanding of what their individual responsibilities are to the environment
3. show knowledge and understanding of the need to care for the environment
4. show knowledge and understanding of the need for good litter control
5. show knowledge and understanding of the consequences of vandalism to the environment

potential risks in the environment eg. traffic, lead in the water supply, cigarette smoke, ultra-violet light, and ways of reducing the risk

Pupils shall be able to:

1. identify and show understanding of environmental pollution to society as a whole eg. noise pollution, traffic congestion, water pollution etc.

potential benefits of the environment eg. enjoyment, aesthetic appreciation, exercise, interest, adventure

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding and appreciation of the benefits of a healthy and safe environment eg. road safety, bicycle safety and judging risks

procedures to follow in the event of an accident

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show knowledge and understanding of procedures to follow in an emergency
2. show improvement in their skills in contacting the emergency services
3. use the telephone correctly

the importance of hygiene in storing, preparing and consuming food and drink eg. correct procedures when handling food, observation of storage instructions on packaged foods, causes of food contamination, correct storage of perishable foods

Pupils shall be able to:

show knowledge and understanding of the need for correct food preparation. show knowledge and understanding of the need for correct food storage. show knowledge and understanding of the hygiene requirements for food handling

Stages P7 to S2

P7 to S2 Looking After Oneself

the physical, mental and social needs of individuals and strategies for keeping the whole person healthy

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show knowledge and understanding of the fact that good health is dependent on the right balance of physical, social and mental aspects
2. show knowledge and understanding in greater detail of the need for good personal hygiene practices
3. show knowledge and understanding in detail, of the need for suitable and on-going rest and exercise
4. recognise the need for a balanced diet

developing sexuality and sexual responsibility

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding that all individuals are different - in their emotions and awareness and physical appearance
2. show greater knowledge and understanding of their own sexuality:
   change - puberty;
   emotional change;
   girl/boy relationships;
   sexual responsibility;
   conception;
   contraception;
   self-esteem

complex feelings and emotions of young people and the contribution to good health of self-esteem;

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding that self-esteem is an important factor in a healthy lifestyle

the relative risk to health of specific activities and situations such as smoking, drinking alcohol, solvent abuse, drug use, and how to minimise levels of risk in risky situations

Pupils shall be able to:

1. identify and minimise the relative risk to health of specific activities and situations such as:
   smoking;
   alcohol;
   solvent abuse;
   drug abuse
2. identify the social problems connected with:
   smoking;
   alcohol;
   solvent abuse;
   drug abuse

P7 to S2 Relationships

ways in which different kinds of behaviour influence people's relationships with one another

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding that their behaviour and attitudes can affect their relationship with other people

the powerful influence of peer and media pressure and the relationship between independence and responsibility

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding that a good relationship involving 'give and take' with:
   peers,
   adults,
   family
   is beneficial to their health

the nature and benefits to health of good personal relationships, involving 'give and take' and understanding of other people's feelings

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show increased awareness that they have to try and understand other peoples points of view
2. show awareness of the powerful influence of:
   peer pressure,
   media.
3. show understanding that they have a responsibility to society as a whole
4. show understanding that they have to take responsibility for their own behaviour
5. show understanding of the importance of society pursuing correct and caring attitudes towards disabled people
6. identify and show understanding of the role of various caring agencies in society

the sexual element in adult relationships

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show increased understanding of sexual involvement/attractions in adult relationships
2. show knowledge and understanding of the cycle of human reproduction

human reproduction and associated moral codes, including Scottish law

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show understanding that there are legal codes associated with human reproduction:
   Scottish law,
   moral codes by which we live our lives

P7 to S2 Health and Safety in the Environment

issues which have a bearing on health, eg. immunisation programmes, lifestyle in relation to chronic diseases, AIDS, tobacco advertising, media, creation of sexual stereotypes and uses of sexual imagery

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show knowledge and understanding of issues which have a bearing on health:
   immunisation programmes,
   lifestyles in relation to chronic diseases,
   AIDS,
   tobacco advertising,
   media,
   creation of sexual stereotypes,
   uses of sexual imagery

ways in which individuals can influence health and the quality of the environment eg. advocating a no-smoking policy, offering alternatives to alcohol, being discerning consumers

Pupils shall be able to:

1. identify ways in which individuals can influence the health and quality of the environment:
   advocating a no-smoking policy,
   offering alternatives to alcohol,
   being discerning consumers

the importance of hygiene in storing, preparing and consuming food and drink eg. correct procedures when handling food, observation of storage instructions on packaged foods, causes of food contamination and correct storage of perishable foods

Pupils shall be able to:

1. show increased knowledge and understanding of food hygiene - which includes its preparation, storage and consumption
2. interpret and follow food labelling procedures
3. empathise with the problems that both physically and mentally handicapped people face in society